This review paper explored the environmentally friendly synthesis of nanoparticles using extracts of plant parts, highlighting their sustainability, affordability, and ecological benefits of this approach compared to conventional chemical methods. The objective of this paper is to explore different parts of plants to produce nanoparticles as a safer and eco-friendly approach. It not only avoids the use of harmful chemicals but also makes the nanoparticles more stable and compatible with living systems. The methodology involves examining current studies on plant-mediated synthesis processes, focussing on the function of phytochemicals as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. Plant species have significant potential for producing nanoparticles through this approach. These biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibit notable antimicrobial properties, positioning them as promising alternatives for various applications in agriculture, medicine, and environmental management. Furthermore, a thorough assessment of the interactions between these nanoparticles and biological systems is also covered, laying the groundwork for their safe and efficient application. The study concludes that green synthesized nanoparticles from plant parts emphasize the significance of antimicrobial activity and the importance of comprehending the biochemical processes that drive nanoparticle synthesis, including the function of phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents. This review contributes to the growing field of green nanotechnology, set the path for future research and innovative applications of biogenic nanoparticles in diverse industrial and scientific domains. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.