Respiratory syncytial contagion (RSC) is a common respiratory contagion that generally leads to mild, cold-like symptoms. However, it can be severe, especially in babies and aged grown-ups who may face hospitalisation. A comprehensive review of RSC is important as it covers various aspects like its history, mechanism, causes, symptoms, duration, treatment, incubation, complications, and prevention, furnishing a thorough understanding of this viral infection that affects the respiratory system. This review explores the crucial aspects of RSC, including its transmission, symptoms, and implicit complications. RSC is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Common symptoms include coughing, sneezing, fever, and difficulty breathing. High-risk premature babies, individuals with weakened vulnerable systems, and senior citizens are at advanced threat for severe RSC infections. Preventative measures include good hygiene practices, similar to frequent hand washing, and vaccination in certain high-threat populations. Palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody, may also be administered to help severe RSC in certain babies. There is no specific antiviral treatment for RSC, but preventive care is essential. This may include oxygen remedy, hydration, and in severe cases, hospitalisation. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.