In modern times, when the mode of the execution of the crime is becoming more and more complicated, the need for sensitive, reliable and sophisticated procedures for crime scene investigation is becoming necessary. Today, we are much more dependent on the scientific evidences. Many scientific methods have helped the law enforcing agencies to solve the otherwise impossible cases. During the process of investigation, the main hurdle faced by the investigating authority is to extract the truth from a person and science has come to his rescue in the form of polygraph test, brain scan or the brain fingerprinting etc. This paper is aimed to discuss a few of them with special reference to the brain mapping or the brain fingerprinting. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.