The objective of this study was to do a retrospective study on the etiology, site of Mandibular fracture and type of treatment done based on the case records from 5 trauma care centre in Salem city,Tamil Nadu, India. We identified around 140 cases of isolated mandibular fracture. The etiology of mandible fracture and the site of fracture may influence the treatment modality. By analysing the case records the etiology, age, gender, site of fracture and treatment done by the surgeons are highlighted. Mandibular fracture data were collected from 5 hospitals in Salem city, during the past 5 years (2008-2013). Information included the etiology, age, gender, site of fracture and treatment done. The data yielded 140 mandibular fracture cases from 2008-2013. Based on retrospective analysis, results were obtained for etiology, age, gender, site of fracture and treatment done. Most injuries (92.86%) occurred due to road traffic accidents. Majority of the patients were between the age group 31-40 (37.14%). An overwhelming majority of patients were men (86.43%) with only 13.57% consisting of women. The anatomic distribution of fracture evaluated was Parasymphysis (28.57), angle(20%), symphysis (18.57%), condyle (15.71%) and body (17.41%). Epidemiological studies on mandibular fracture are useful to analyse the pattern of fracture and common treatment modality. Our study revealed major etiological factor for mandibular fractures is road traffic accident in Salem city. Moreover open reduction and internal fixation is common treatment modality. Both the findings give valuable information to Government agencies and health care professionals to plan future programs in the prevention of road traffic accidents and treatment. © 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.