Background: LEDs and fluorescent lights are widely used for their energy efficiency, but concerns exist regarding their impact on eye health, particularly eye strain and visual comfort. Aims and Objectives: To compare the impact of LED and fluorescent lighting on eye strain, visual performance, and overall comfort among individuals with prolonged exposure. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited participants aged 14-50 who used either LED or fluorescent lighting for at least four hours daily. Data were collected via a structured online questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney U tests, with statistically significant value set at p < 0.05. Results: Among 364 participants, 318 (87.4%) used LED lighting and 46 (12.6%) used fluorescent lighting. LED users reported longer comfort durations, with 38.36% able to work for more than 2 hours, compared to 23.91% of fluorescent users (p = 0.014). Dry eye symptoms were more frequent in LED users (23.27% vs. 13.04%, p = 0.048). Headaches were more common among fluorescent users (45.65% vs. 31.45%, p = 0.046), while sleep disturbances were reported among LED users (50.63%) than fluorescent users (43.48%). LED lighting was linked to burning sensation in 20.75% of users. Conclusion: The findings suggest that LED lighting is more conducive to longer work periods with reduced eye strain compared to fluorescent lighting, though concerns about dry eye and sleep disturbances persist. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.