Toward Standardized Energy-Aware Adaptive Routing Protocols for Ultra-Dense 6G Networks With Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Architectures

Balakrishnan, S. and Thangavel, Gunasekaran and Manikandan, M. and Vinodhkumar, S. and Manoharan, Rajesh and Shabaz, Mohammad (2025) Toward Standardized Energy-Aware Adaptive Routing Protocols for Ultra-Dense 6G Networks With Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Architectures. IEEE Communications Standards Magazine. ISSN 24712825

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Abstract

Ultra-low latency, massive connections, and outstanding energy efficiency are the requisites of sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. For 6G to reach every corner of the globe, terrestrial ultra-dense networks and NTNs, such as LEO satellites, work hand in hand. Energy efficiency and the dynamics of satellite-terrestrial heterogeneity are, however, typically disregarded by traditional routing algorithms. Introducing an adaptive routing architecture that considers energy for ultra-dense 6G networks that utilise satellite-terrestrial linkages. Using metrics like energy usage, congestion, link quality, and switching costs, SDN, cross-layer optimisation, and traffic prediction powered by machine learning choose the optimal paths on the fly. Energy efficiency, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio all saw significant improvements in simulations across a variety of network configurations. For the communication infrastructures of the future, this demonstrates a sustainable and scalable routing method. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Cited by: 0
Uncontrolled Keywords: Communication satellites; Energy efficiency; Energy utilization; Internet protocols; Learning systems; Mobile telecommunication systems; Power management; Routing algorithms; Routing protocols; Satellite communication systems; Traffic congestion; Adaptive routing; Adaptive routing protocols; Dense network; Energy; Energy aware; Energy usage; LEO satellite; Low latency; Routing architecture; Routings; Network architecture
Subjects: Computer Science > Computer Networks and Communications
Divisions: Medicine > Vinayaka Mission's Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem > Medicine
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email techsupport@mosys.org
Date Deposited: 26 Nov 2025 06:25
Last Modified: 26 Nov 2025 06:25
URI: https://vmuir.mosys.org/id/eprint/381

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