Water is the basic need for survival of all living beings. It also supports the economic growth of the country in terms of agricultural and industrial developments. Only 1% of water is fit to use out of the 71% that is available on Earth. Remaining 70% of water is being polluted with organic and inorganic matters, chemicals and other contaminants by various natural and human activities. This study is a review of various examinations done on some important Indian water bodies on its quality. This paper deals with the water quality analysis and determining the inception that spoils the quality of water. The analysis of water quality in terms of its physico-chemical properties proves that most of the water bodies are being polluted by industrial activities and appropriate water management schemes or treatment should be done to protect the water quality. It has also been recorded that the agricultural soil is affected due to the presence of excess heavy metals. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.