A comparative study on efficacy and safety of Loteprednol Etabonate 0.5% w/v versus Dexamethasone 0.1% w/v in the treatment of pain and inflammation after cataract surgery in a tertiary care hospital, Salem district, Tamilnadu, India. This prospective study was carried out for a period of 6 months from November 2018-April 2019 in which 160 patients who underwent cataract surgery were selected for the study by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study mainly describes the prevalence of the use of corticosteroids with the mechanism of fluctuation in Intraocular pressure effect in postoperative cataract surgery which is Loteprednol Etabonate or Dexamethasone. The maximum number of patients affected with the cataract is in the age group of 51-60. Among the cataract patients, half of the patients were found with associated diseases, particularly Diabetes Mellitus (15%), Hypertension (18%) and both (15%) are the most seen comorbid condition in this study. Patients of both genders were included in the study. Out of 160 cases, 55 % were found to be female and 45 % were found to be male. From the data of 160 consecutive cataract cases, 80 patients were administered with Loteprednol Etabonate 0.5 % w/v, and the other 80 patients were administered with Dexamethasone 0.1 % w/v. The data were collected based on IOP, Visual acuity, and Slit Lamp Examination which were analyzed in this study individually for both Loteprednol etabonate and Dexamethasone. Since both of the drugs provides anti-inflammatory action in the management of pain and inflammation in postoperative cataract surgery. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.