This prospective cohort study examined whether the mode of conception is associated with early postpartum depression. Postnatal mothers (n = 110; 55 spontaneous conception, 55 assisted conception) at a tertiary care hospital were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 1 and 6 weeks postpartum. Sociodemographic and obstetric variables were collected. There was no significant difference in EPDS scores between groups. Mothers with a past history of depression were more likely to show immediate postpartum depression. Mode of conception did not increase postpartum depression among women undergoing infertility treatment. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.