Agriculture, the main livelihood of millions depends mostly on the regular supply of water. With fast depleting fresh water resources the need of the hour is effective utilization of water. Till recently farmers have been irrigating using water when and wherever needed by manually switching on or off the motor pumps. This required constant monitoring of the water supply and also there were problems of power supply not being available during day times. With the introduction of modern techniques like drip water irrigation and even fertilizer supply being done along with water, we needed automation techniques. Remote monitoring and control have been introduced due to non-availability of cheap human resources. Now it is being introduced in all places for efficient utilization of water. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.