Diabetes mellitus is caused by insufficient insulin secretion, leading to elevated blood glucose and complications like retinopathy and neuropathy. In India, common white rice has high carbohydrate and low fiber content, increasing glycemic index. Black rice (Oryza sativa L. Indica) has higher fiber and lower carbohydrate. This study analyzed its phytochemical composition and in vitro anti-diabetic activity using ethanolic extracts via cold maceration. Phytochemical analysis revealed flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, and glycosides. Aldose reductase inhibition assay showed IC50 of 238.7 μg/ml, α-glucosidase IC50 of 383.2 μg/ml, and α-amylase IC50 of 228.6 μg/ml, indicating significant anti-diabetic potential due to flavonoids and phenols. Future in vivo studies are suggested, and black rice is recommended as part of the daily diet.