This study evaluates methods to remove total colour (TC) from municipal wastewater using aluminum chloride coagulant (ACC), Moringa oleifera seed (MOS), and Lactobacillus plantarum strain (LPS). A central composite design (CCD) model demonstrated high reliability (R2 > 95%). Operational costs were 6.4, 9.5, and 1.3 $/m3 for LPS, ACC, and MOS respectively. UV-visible spectrophotometry confirmed TC removal, and MOS sediment contained 95% organic matter suitable as fertilizer. Acute toxicity tests on Daphnia magna showed effectiveness and safety. Optimum MOS conditions were pH 7, dose 2.5 g/L, and 25 min contact time. The study highlights environmentally sustainable wastewater treatment strategies.