Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by Taenia solium cysts in the brain, manifesting with various clinical symptoms. The severity and prognosis following anti-helminth drug (AHD) treatment are linked to peripheral and local inflammation. This study analyzed the effect of host immune response on cysticidal therapy in 104 patients, with blood samples collected from 30 patients at baseline (T0) and 3–6 months post-treatment (T1). Patients were categorized as Responder (R) or Non-Responder (NR). Cytokines IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were measured in PBMC cells. Responders showed lower IL-10 and IL-6 at T0 than T1, while non-responders had higher levels at T0 than T1. IFN-γ and TNF-α were higher at T0 than T1 in both groups, suggesting cytokine levels may impact AHD treatment efficacy.