Speech recognition enables the system to recognize and identify words from speech. It aids in balancing technology-enabled Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). Command and communication of information is conveyed through speech. Artificial intelligence is implemented with circuits involving speech recognition, used in applications such as security systems and VCR systems. Speech processing allows users to perform parallel tasks with increased efficiency, useful when the user's hands and eyes are occupied or for disabled individuals. Various methods and algorithms, including Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Power Normalized Cepstral Coefficients (PNCC), have been analyzed to improve communication between HCI and HRI systems. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.