Today’s multi-media applications need high video quality with low bitrates. However, it is restricted in its capacity to provide higher quality than earlier coding methods. Deep learning (DL) approaches for video coding have shown compression capacities equal to or better than traditional methods, including high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) methods. The trade-off between compression efficiency and encoding/decoding complexity, optimisation for perceptual nature of semantic dependability, specialisation, and universality, the federalised layout of various deep toolkits, etc. remains unclear. HEVC encoding is more efficient than previous standards. Improved efficiency is driven by intra image prediction, which incorporates more prior directions (35 modes) than previous standards. Its high efficiency comes from balancing encoder complexity and dependability. This article presents DL, which uses a convolutional neural network to predict the best model with the least rate-distortion (RD) and further promotes study into deep learning video coding (DLVC). © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.