Timber is a kind of raw wood that has long been a popular building material. Based on both engineering and cultural practices, there are infinite designs and methods wood may be implemented in building, but its most effective utilization is in structures that bear most of the load. Moisture, stresses, displacements, and indoor-outdoor climate changes allhave an impact on the timber structure. As a result, it is essential to keep an eye on the structure of the timber in order to prevent damage. Structural health monitoring (SHM) is the most effective method for monitoring timber structures employing various sensors and communications to detect deterioration at the appropriate moment and fix it. The primary goal of SHM timber understanding the extent of the harm before a catastrophic collapse. In this paper, the use of SHM in timber structures is addressed, and the most up-to-date methods for detecting damages. The use of SHM to predict the lifetime of a timber structure is also addressed in depth. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.