This investigation has the purpose of enhancing both the emission and performance behavior of a 25%Tamarind Oil Methyl ester blend with diesel (75% Diesel+ 25% Tamarind Oil Methyl Ester-TME25). Comparative analysis was done to add different dosages of titanium nanoparticle (TiO2) at various operating conditions. Various ratios of test fuels were prepared with diesel, TME25, TME25 with 50 ppm of TiO2 (named TME25T50), and TME25 with 100 ppm TiO2 (named TME25T100) nanoparticle as additives. The findings of the experimental tests showed that, when related to TME25 without TiO2 additive, the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) decreased by 8.0% and enhanced the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 2.6%. At full power, CO, HC, and smoke emissions have been lowered by 40, 16, and 50%, correspondingly, but NO emissions significantly diminished by 13%. Because TiO2 improves engine efficiency and combustion, adding it to TME25 raises cylinder pressure and Heat Release Rate (HRR). Finally, it is recommended that a TME25 mixture with 100ppm of TiO2 nano additive be utilized in diesel engines to advance the combustion characteristics, engine performance and exhaust gas emissions. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.