Growing urbanisation, higher standards of living, and population growth are all factors that will drive up global energy demand. The direct injection of jack fruit biodiesel in compression ignition engine to result in indigent performance and to overcome the addition of nanoparticles of zinc oxide, cerium oxide, and aluminium oxide to biodiesel-camphor blends is the focus of this research. The fuels’ soluble were tested at a temperature range of 30 °C, 50 °C, and 100 °C. One was picked to simulate a diesel engine's performance, combustion, and emissions. Equal parts of zinc oxide, cerium oxide, and aluminium oxide (100 ppm each) were included into the mixture. The inclusion of nanoparticles in the fuel increases its calorific value. Nanoparticles as catalysts enhanced brake-specific fuel consumption by 3.6%, 13.5%, and 17.5% for zinc oxide (ZnO), cerium oxide, (CeO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) compared to diesel at full load. ZnO, CeO2, and Al2O3 nanofuels improved brake thermal efficiency by 15.3%, 10.8%, and 4% at higher loads than BD10C10 at full load. Max heat release increased 10.64%, 9.36%, and 8.8% for ZnO, CeO2, and Al2O3 nanofuels. Carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and smoke emissions were reduced when nano-fluid was added in diesel. Directions for using Nano-assisted renewable fuel sources to reduce fossil fuel use as a novel approach in the present study. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.