Energy use is increasingly used as a gauge of national progress. In terms of overall energy usage, the transport sector comes in second. Traditional energy sources are destroying the environment and leaving behind harmful effects. Plastic usage and waste are rising exponentially on a global scale. If the right cost-effective and efficient technologies are applied during the production process, second-generation biofuels might compete with fossil fuels. feedstock for petrochemicals When crude oil is processed, naphtha and other oils are used as feedstock for petrochemical crackers, which create the fundamental constituents of plastic. The subsequent "cracking" process, which produces ethylene and propane, involves heating ethane and propane. These components are combined to produce various polymers. Ethanol is an organic chemical. It is a simple alcohol with the chemical formula C2H6O.A renewable fuel called ethanol is produced from maize and other plant resources. Ethanol is widely utilised, and in the US, ethanol is present in more than 98% of petrol. E10, which contains 10% ethanol and 90% petrol, is the most popular ethanol mix. One of the most prevalent organic substances found in both industrial and consumer goods is ethanol. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.